The Oratory of San Ludovico is believed to have been founded around the year 1300 by the Aliotti family. In the fifteenth century the Bocchineri family completely redecorated the building in the shapes that preserves still now. Probably it was here that in 1629 the marriage between the son of Galileo Galilei (Vincenzo) and Sestilia Bocchineri was celebrated. The chapel was used during the carnival for poetic and musical representations of sacred subjects in the period that followed the catholic reformation.
The title that is popularly given to the oratory derives from the congregation and altar of the Madonna of Buonconsiglio founded by Filippo Bocchineri (1759). After the Gherardacci family the oratory went to the Pazzi family of Florence, until getting to the parish of Santa Maria delle Carceri. The bombing of 1944 severely damaged the building that was restored and reopened in 1957.
The structure has a simple gabled facade with brick frame and a stone portal at the centre. Under the large rectangular window there is a Della Robbia tondo where the cockerel emblem of Bocchineri is represented.
The nave inside has a Renaissance ceiling formed by two ribbed vaults with central boss, and end wall that frames the glazed terracotta relief plate by Andrea della Robbia, representing The Madonna with child between the saints Ludovico, Caterina d'Alessandria, Maddalena and Girolamo.